18,253 research outputs found
Monte Carlo model for nuclear collisions from SPS to LHC energies
A Monte Carlo model to simulate nuclear collisions in the energy range going
from SPS to LHC, is presented. The model includes in its initial stage both
soft and semihard components, which lead to the formation of color strings.
Collectivity is taken into account considering the possibility of strings in
color representations higher than triplet or antitriplet, by means of string
fusion. String breaking leads to the production of secondaries. At this point,
the model can be used as initial condition for further evolution by a transport
model. In order to tune the parameters and see the results in nucleus-nucleus
collisions, a naif model for rescattering of secondaries is introduced. Results
of the model are compared with experimental data, and predictions for RHIC and
LHC are shown.Comment: LaTeX, 48 pages, 6 tables, 15 postscript figures included using
epsfi
TMCalc - A fast code to derive Teff and [Fe/H] for FGK stars
We present a new direct spectroscopic calibration for a fast estimation of
the stellar metallicity [Fe/H]. These calibrations were computed using a large
sample of 451 solar-type stars for which we have precise spectroscopic
parameters derived from high quality spectra. The new [Fe/H] calibration is
based on weak Fe I lines, which are expected to be less dependent on surface
gravity and microturbulence, and require only a pre-determination of the
effective temperature. This temperature can be obtained using a previously
presented line-ratio calibration. We also present a simple code that uses the
calibrations and procedures presented in these works to obtain both the
effective temperature and the [Fe/H] estimate. The code, written in C, is
freely available for the community and may be used as an extension of the ARES
code. We test these calibrations for 582 independent FGK stars. We show that
the code can be used as a precise and fast indicator of the spectroscopic
temperature and metallicity for dwarf FKG stars with effective temperatures
ranging from 4500 K to 6500 K and with [Fe/H] ranging from -0.8 dex to 0.4 dex.Comment: 10 pages, 8 Figures, published in A&
Experimental characterization of the structural response of adobe arches
Earth was one of the first construction materials used by mankind and has been used as a building material since ancient times until the present days. Its qualities related to thermal comfort, low cost or simple construction techniques have contributed to such a long tradition throughout the world with several different architectural expressions, integrating the culture and history of each region.
With the wide propagation of steel and concrete structures, there has been a general loss of the traditional knowledge in earth construction. This type of construction presents important structural fragilities and requires a special maintenance to preserve its qualities. In order to understand the structural behaviour of this type of structures, the associated construction methods and processes have to be considered.
Aveiro University has been developing studies on adobe constructions, with research on the material mechanical characterization, experimental study of the structural behaviour of adobe masonry walls and, more recently, in the development of a detailed survey methodology for the characterization of buildings in Aveiro district.
Integrated in these studies, arches with different geometries were built using adobe blocks and traditional construction methods. These arches were tested under different types of vertical loading (distributed symmetrical, distributed non-symmetrical and point load) until collapse. The experimental tests performed reproduce the typical loading conditions of these structures during construction and use. The tests conducted, the results obtained and the main conclusions attained are described in this paper
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